Tenki, Vol. 61, No. 1

(Tenki is the bulletin journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan in Japanese.)

TENKI, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 23-29, 2014

Distribution of Air Temperature in Tajimi City in Summer

By
Maki OKADA*1, Hiroyuki KUSAKA*2, Midori TAKAKI*3, Shiori ABE*4,
Yuya TAKANE*5, Yukino FUJI*6 and Toru NAGAI*6

*1 (Corresponding author) Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
*2 Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba.
*3 Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba (Present affiliation: Environmental Planning Bureau, Yokohama City Government).
*4 College of Geoscience, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba (Present affiliation: Daiichi Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
*5 The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
*6 Environmental Division, Tajimi City Government.

(Received 16 May 2013; Accepted 25 October 2013)

Abstract

To research the distribution of air temperature in the city of Tajimi, Gifu prefecture, a total of 15 thermometers were placed at the schools and parks in the city of Tajimi, and the city of Kasugai, Aichi prefecture in August 2010. From the distribution of monthly average air temperature, air temperature at the center of Tajimi city was higher than the suburbs. Also, the days of daily minimum air temperature more than or equal to 25¡C and daily maximum air temperature more than or equal to 35¡C at the elementary school near the center of Tajimi city was more than those at other schools. This tendency appeared more clearly on the days of daily minimum air temperature more than or equal to 25¡C. Also, the air temperature near the center of the city was higher than that of the suburbs in the early morning. Thus, it was indicated that the air temperature was hard to decrease as the bottom of the basin. From these results, the influence of urbanization to the formation of the daily minimum temperature in Tajimi city was indicated.

Tenki, Vol. 61, No. 2

(Tenki is the bulletin journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan in Japanese.)

TENKI, Vol. 61, No. 2, pp. 81-90, 2014

Large-scale Distribution of Extreme Value Parameters for Precipitation in Japan

By
Fumiaki FUJIBE*

* Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba 305-0052, Japan. E-mail: ffujibe@mri-jma.go.jp

(Received 11 June 2013; Accepted 28 October 2013)

Abstract

Data at 92 stations for 1951 to 2010 were used to examine large-scale distribution of extreme-value parameters of precipitation in Japan on the basis of L-moments. Annual maximum values of daily, hourly, and ten-minute precipitations were found to show statistically significant negative correlation to latitude, and positive correlation to warm-season total precipitation (P). For hourly and ten-minute precipitation, L-CV has positive and negative correlations to latitude and P, respectively, and L-skewness has positive correlation to latitude. These facts indicate a tendency of reduced sporadicity at stations in low latitude and/or with large warm-season precipitation amount, so that extreme short-term precipitation of long return periods tends to show reduced dependence on latitude and P. Although L-CV and L-skewness have variations among stations, those of L-skewness are within a range of statistical variability expected for a single GEV function. This situation raises doubts about the need of specifying shape parameters of extreme-value functions station by station, since L-skewness is related to the shape of extreme-value distribution.