Graphical Abstract

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Zhu, X.-S., and H. Yu, 2019: Environmental influences on the intensity and configuration of tropical cyclone concentric eyewalls in the western North Pacific. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 97, 153-173.
https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2019-008   Graphical Abstract with highlights

Plain Language Summary: The observed intensity changes of tropical cyclones (TCs) with concentric eyewalls (CEs) often varied case from case. This study establishes a relationship between intensity changes and CE patterns, and also shows the environmental influences on the configuration of different CE patterns. The results may be beneficial for forecasting intensity fluctuations of a TC with CE from the current environmental configurations.

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Highlights:

• Definitions for CE patterns are summarized based on the CE structural evolution in microwave satellite observations from 1997 to 2011 in the western North Pacific.
• Statistical results showed that a TC will reach peak intensity around CE formation for one particular CE pattern, while it may intensify to the peak before CE formation for another CE pattern.
• The environmental configurations for the two CE patterns above are significantly different in the moisture inflows, the activities of low-level trough, the subtropical high, and the South Asia high, which are summarized in the three-dimensional conceptual models.